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    Η Ιστορία του Καναδά

    για τους Ελληνες ειναι λιγο αστειο η Ιστορια μιας χωρας να αρχιζει απο τον 17ο αιωνα,

    αλλα ειδαμε και που μας οδηγησε το να εχεις Ιστορια απο το 1200 π.Χ


    ____________________________________

    17ος αιωνας

    17th Century Canadian History - Your Canada


    1603
    Sieur de Monts obtains charter to all the land lying between 40th-46th degree north latitude


    1605

    Port Royal, the first permanent French settlement in North America, founded



    1608

    Quebec City founded by Samuel de Champlain


    1610

    Etienne Brule lives among Huron and is first European to see Great Lakes


    1613

    Port Royal sacked by Samuel Argall and his pirates from Virginia


    1621

    James I of England grants Acadia to Sir William Alexander who renames it New Scotland (Nova Scotia)


    1627

    Company of One Hundred Associates is founded to establish a French Empire in North America


    1629

    Quebec City captured by an English fleet led by David Kirke, (he also captured Port Royal the year before)


    1631

    Charles de la Tour builds Fort La Tour (a.k.a. Fort Saint Marie) at the mouth of the Saint John River


    1632

    British lose control of Acadia due to the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye


    1632

    Isaac de Razilly sails from France with 300 people hoping to establish a permanent French settlement in Acadia


    1636

    French crown grants Gulf of Maine and Bay of Fundy to d’Aulnay; La Tour gets Nova Scotia peninsula


    1639

    Smallpox epidemic decimates Huron people; population reduced by 50%


    1642

    Montréal is founded


    1649

    Attacks by the Iroquois disperse the Huron; disrupts fur trade over the next fifteen years


    1652

    Massachusetts General Court licenses traders going from Massachusetts to Acadia


    1660

    English Navigation Act prohibits foreigners from trading with English colonies


    1663

    Louis XIV assumes personal control of New France


    1667

    France, England and the Netherlands sign the Breda Treaty in July and with this England gives Acadia to France


    1667

    First census of New France records 668 families, totalling 3,215 non-native inhabitants


    1670

    Hudson’s Bay Company is formed and granted trade rights over all territory draining into Hudson’s Bay (the largest land grant in world history)




    1676

    West Country merchants attempt to enforce restrictions on settlement in Newfoundland


    1682

    French explorer La Salle reaches the mouth of the Mississippi


    1686

    King James II & Louis XIV sign neutrality pact handing forts of St. John’s & Port Royal back to the French


    1690

    Sir William Phips captures almost all of the French possessions in Acadia


    1697

    Treaty of Ryswick restores the status quo between France & England; Acadia is returned to the French


    #2
    18th Century Canadian History

    18th Century Canadian History - Your Canada

    1700

    Population of Acadia is 1,400


    1701

    War of the Spanish Succession begins in Europe; spreads to North America (Queen Anne’s War) in 1702


    1704

    French forces destroy the English settlement at Bonavista, Newfoundland


    1707

    Port Royal is attacked twice by the English from Massachusetts


    1710

    The English take Port Royal and name it Annapolis Royal


    1713

    Treaty of Utrecht cedes French Acadia, Newfoundland, Hudson Bay and the “country of the Iroquois” to England




    1719

    Construction of Louisbourg Fortress by the French begins on Ile Royale (Cape Breton Island)


    1720

    Lord Baltimore sponsors expedition to bring settlers to Newfoundland


    1721

    800 Acadians take oath of allegiance to the French


    1744

    France declares war on England (March 15)


    1745

    Louisbourg surrenders to English after six-week seige (June 17)


    1748

    Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle returns Ile Royale (Cape Breton) and Ile Saint-Jean (Prince Edward Island) to French


    1749

    Halifax is founded by British to counter French presence at Louisbourg


    1754

    French and Indian War begins in North America; becomes Seven Years’ War when fighting spreads to Europe (1756)


    1755

    Expulsion of the Acadians begins. Many eventually relocated to New Orleans. This was a defining event for that city, with their historic French-Quarter.


    1758

    Louisbourg captured again by the British (July 27)


    1759

    British troops under Wolfe defeat French forces under Montcalm at Quebec; both generals are killed; Quebec falls


    1759

    Proclamation issued by Governor of Nova Scotia invites New Englanders to settle there


    1760

    Louisbourg Fortress demolished by the British


    1763

    Treaty of Paris gives Canada (New France and Acadia) to England


    1769

    Prince Edward Island becomes a separate colony

    1774

    Quebec Act guarantees religious freedom for Roman Catholic colonists


    1776

    American Revolution begins


    1776

    Quebec withstands American siege


    1778

    Captain James Cook anchors in Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island


    1783

    Treaty of Versailles gives Americans fishing rights off Newfoundland, but not to dry or cure fish on land


    1784

    United Empire Loyalists arrive in Canada; New Brunswick becomes a separate colony to accommodate them


    1786

    New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland allowed to import goods from the United States


    1789

    Alexander Mackenzie journeys to the Beaufort Sea, following what would later be named the Mackenzie River


    1791

    Constitutional Act divides Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada


    1792

    Captain George Vancouver begins his explorations of the Pacific Coast


    1794

    Jay Treaty allows U.S. vessels into British ports of the West Indies; British agree to evacuate Ohio Valley forts


    1799

    American competition for West Indies trade kills Liverpool, Nova Scotia’s merchant fleet

    Comment


      #3
      19th Century Canadian History
      19th Century Canadian History - Your Canada



      1800

      Spain cedes Louisiana back to France


      1804

      1,400 American ships are fishing off Labrador and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence


      1809

      Napoleon’s continental blockade cuts British access to Scandinavian timber


      1812

      War of 1812 declared, allowing Maritime colonies to profit from illegal trade


      1812

      Red River settlement founded by Hudson’s Bay Company


      1813

      Amerindian chief Tecumseh is killed at the Battle of Moraviantown


      1814

      Treaty of Ghent ends War of 1812; no territorial gains on either side


      1817

      Famine in Newfoundland due to poor postwar economy


      1817

      Nova Scotia population estimated at 78,345


      1818

      49th parallel becomes British North America/U.S. border from Lake of the Woods to Rocky Mountains


      1821

      Hudson’s Bay Company merges with arch rivals, the Montréal-based North West Company


      1825

      Opening of Erie Canal gives New York competitive edge over Montréal


      1829

      Opening of Lachine Canal restores level playing field for Montréal


      1833

      Royal William, formerly operating between Québec & Halifax, becomes first steamship to cross Atlantic


      1837

      Two separate rebellions, one in Upper and one in Lower Canada, fail to dislodge entrenched elites


      1839

      Lord Durham’s Report recommends union of Upper and Lower Canada, and responsible government


      1841

      Act of Union unites Upper and Lower Canada


      1842

      New Brunswick/Maine boundary settled by Webster-Ashburton Treaty


      1843

      Fort Victoria built by British to strengthen their claim to Vancouver Island


      1845

      Halifax native Samuel Cunard chooses Boston as the western terminus for his steamships


      1846

      British Prime Minister Robert Peel announces Free Trade, ending old Colonial mercantile trade system


      1848

      Responsible government established in Nova Scotia and Canada


      1849

      The boundary at the 49th parallel is extended to the Pacific Ocean (bisecting Point Roberts!)


      1854

      Reciprocity (free trade) begins between British North America and the United States


      1857

      Queen Victoria names Ottawa as Canada’s capital


      1861

      American Civil War begins


      1864

      Québec Conference sets out the terms of union for British North American colonies


      1866

      Fenians launch first raids into British territory (June 2)


      1867

      Confederation of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Québec and Ontario forms the Dominion of Canada


      1867

      Sir John A. Macdonald becomes Canada’s first prime minister


      1869

      Hudson’s Bay Company surrenders territorial rights to Rupert’s Land to the Crown


      1869

      Newfoundlanders reject Confederation in general election


      1870

      Louis Riel leads Metis resistance to Canadian authority; province of Manitoba created


      1871

      Treaty of Washington grants fishing rights on Grand Banks to United States


      1871

      British Columbia joins Confederation


      1873

      Global economic depression begins


      1876

      Intercolonial Railway linking central Canada and the Maritime provinces is completed


      1879

      National Policy imposes tariff on manufactured goods being imported into Canada


      1885

      Transcontinental railway is completed in Eagle Pass, B.C.; 9 days later, Louis Riel is hanged in Regina


      1890

      Manitoba stops public funding of Catholic schools; causes uproar in Québec


      1891

      Nearly one-quarter of Nova Scotian women are working for wages outside the home


      1897

      Klondike gold rush begins


      1898

      Canada issues Christmas postage stamp showing British Empire in “flaming red”


      1899

      Boer War begins; the first Canadian troops to serve overseas are sent to South Africa

      Comment


        #4
        20th Century Canadian History
        20th Century Canadian History - Your Canada

        1900

        Federal immigration policy entices Eastern Europeans to Canadian West


        1901

        Marconi receives the first transatlantic radio message at St. John’s, Newfoundland


        1903

        Canada loses Alaska Boundary dispute when British representative sides with U.S.


        1903

        A prospector in northern Ontario stumbles across the world’s richest silver vein


        1905

        Provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta are formed


        1907

        Industrial Disputes Investigation Act (IDIA) requires compulsory conciliation of labour disputes


        1910

        Federal government decides to establish the Royal Canadian Navy


        1911

        Liberal government of Wilfred Laurier loses Reciprocity election; Robert Borden becomes Prime Minister


        1912

        S.S. Titanic sinks off Newfoundland; recovered bodies are buried in Halifax cemetery


        1913

        Canadian economy goes into a slump


        1914

        Canada automatically enters First World War when Britain declares war on Germany (August 4)


        1917

        French munitions ship Mont Blanc catches fire and explodes in Halifax harbor on December 6th; 2,000 killed


        1917

        Canadians capture Vimy Ridge after British and French attempts fail


        1917

        Income tax is introduced by the federal government as a “temporary wartime measure”


        1918

        Under the War Measures Act, manufacture and sale of intoxicating beverages is prohibited in Canada


        1920

        With passage of the Volstead Act in the United States, the rum-running era begins


        1922

        Foster Hewitt makes the world’s first radio broadcast of a hockey game


        1923

        Canada deals directly with U.S. without British participation in signing Halibut Treaty


        1925

        Delegation of Maritime businessmen and politicians travels to Ottawa to lobby for Maritime Rights


        1926

        Old age pension instituted by federal government


        1926

        Royal Commission (Duncan) report recommends restoration of preferential Maritime railway freight rates


        1928

        Supreme Court of Canada rules that women are not “persons” who can be elected to public office


        1929

        British Privy Council overrules Supreme Court “non-person” decision


        1929

        New York Stock Market crash


        1931

        Female worker at Ganong’s candy factory in St. Stephen, N.B., makes $14/wk; her male foreman makes $32/wk


        1931

        Statute of Westminster grants Canada full autonomy from Britain


        1933

        Newfoundland Assembly votes to suspend self-government; British appoint “Commission of Government”


        1934

        The Dionne quintuplets are born in Callander, Ontario


        1935

        R.B. Bennett’s “New Deal” for Canada announced; Supreme Court later declares it ultra vires


        1939

        Canada enters World War II after remaining neutral for 1 week; pro-war party in Québec wins provincial election


        1940

        Ogdensburg Agreement co-ordinates industrial output of Canada and U.S.


        1942

        Construction boom due to American and Canadian military bases eliminates unemployment in Newfoundland


        1942

        Canadian raid on French port of Dieppe is a disaster; British later claim it was useful rehearsal for D-Day


        1944

        Canadian troops advance further inland than any other Allied unit on D-Day (June 6)


        1944

        Saskatchewan voters elect the first socialist government in North America, led by Tommy Douglas


        1949

        Newfoundland becomes Canada’s tenth province on March 31st


        1951

        Mid-century census records Canada’s population as 14 million


        1951

        Royal Commission (Massey) reports that Canadian culture is dominated by American influences


        1952

        First television stations in Canada begin broadcasting in Montreal (Sept. 6th) and Toronto (Sept. 8th)


        1955

        Montreal Canadiens hockey star Maurice “Rocket” Richard is suspended for fighting; riots break out in Montreal


        1959

        Canadian government cancels the Avro Arrow; many engineers on the project end up working for NASA


        1959

        St. Lawrence Seaway opens


        1960

        “Quiet Revolution” begins in Québec


        1962

        Trans-Canada Highway officially opens


        1965

        Groundfish landings in Northwest Atlantic peak at 2.8 million tons


        1965

        The Auto Pact, forerunner of NAFTA, is signed between United States and Canada


        1969

        The federal government becomes officially bilingual


        1970

        The FLQ, a militant separatist group in Québec, kidnaps British diplomat and murders Québec cabinet minister


        1976

        Canada announces 200-nautical-mile coastal fishing zone


        1976

        Parti Quebécois under Rene Levesque wins Québec provincial election on separatist platform


        1980

        The majority of Québecers reject separation from Canada in a referendum vote


        1981

        Québec bans public signs in English


        1982

        The Canadian Consitution, up until now British legislation, is ratified by the Canadian legislature and every provincial legislature, except Québec.


        1983

        Jeanne Sauve is named the Governor General of Canada, the first woman appointed to this role.


        1984

        Brian Mulroney of the Progressive Conservative party is first elected Prime Minister.


        1988

        Brian Mulroney runs for re-election and wins, the major issue being free trade with the United States.


        1989

        Canada and the United States sign a free trade agreement.


        1990

        The proposed Meech Lake Accord, a Constitutional proposal, fails.


        1991

        On January 1st, the Goods and Services Tax (GST), the most unpopular tax in Canadian history is introduced.


        1992

        The proposed Charlottetown Accord, a proposal for a new Canadian Constitution, is rejected in a referendum by just over half of Canadians.


        1993

        Kim Campbell replaces the unpopular politician Brian Mulroney to become Canada’s first female Prime Minister. In an election later that year her party loses all but 2 seats in a Jean Chretién election victory.


        1994

        The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into effect, creating a free trade zone between Canada, the United States and Mexico.


        1997

        Confederation Bridge links Prince Edward Island to the rest of Canada.


        1999

        The Territory of Nunavut is carved from the Northwest Territories on April 1st.

        Comment


          #5
          Διασημοι Καναδοι
          Famous Canadians - CanadaFAQ.ca



          Famous-Canadians.jpg

          Comment


            #6
            National identity and pride develop by comparing the history, culture, progress, and achievements of one nation to those of others. Heritage, culture, folklore, and traditions are the key elements distinguishing the citizens of one country from those of another.

            The infographic is a virtual Canadian Hall of Fame and includes influential Canadians who have contributed to scientific and social development, economic security and prosperity, and the creative arts. Famous sports stars, scientists, politicians, and singers became successful in their field. Research efforts led to important discoveries and breakthroughs, which made a revolutionary change in the sciences. They contributed to understanding viral diseases, demystified different phenomena, and helped lay the foundations of many disciplines.

            Influential people expanded the boundaries of knowledge and shaped human history. Researchers such as Richard Taylor, Sidney Altman, and Ernest McCulloch are visionaries and revolutionaries who made ingenious inventions. Many Canadian painters such as the Group of Seven, authors such as Margaret Atwood and singers such as Neil Young, Leonard Cohen and Celine Dion are futurists who made important artistic contributions.

            Directors such as James Cameron created innovative styles and forms, set trends, and depicted different historical periods. Influential businessmen, sportsmen, inventors, and artists made positive contributions to society, and their ideas and work will shape the future.
            The new infographic was designed to show visitors that Canada is the home to influential people who were visionaries and history-makers.



            κατεβαστε το pdf:
            http://www.canadafaq.ca/Famous_Canadians.pdf

            Comment


              #7
              Top Canadian Singers
              Top Canadian Singers


              Canada has built up a solid reputation at the global music scene as some of the world’s most famous musicians are of Canadian origin.

              Rock singer Brian Adams, born in 1959, is among the most renowned musicians, songwriters, and guitarists on a global scale. His career began in 1978 when he sent his first demo recordings to A&M Records inToronto, which included the songs “I’m Ready” and “Remember.” Adams released a self-titled debut album in 1980 and from then on, his fame kept growing. His best selling album was Reckless (1984), which hit the 1st place on Billboard 200 and was certified platinum five times. Brian Adams is also known for his charity work in Ethiopia and other countries on the African continent.

              Alanis Morissette, born 1974, is an alternative rock and post-grunge singer, songwriter and record producer. Due to work pressure, Alanis suffered from anorexia and bulimia until the age of 18, surviving on a diet of Melba toast, coffee, and carrots. She undertook a treatment to ‘un-program her brain’ and become a minister at religious organization by the name of Universal Life Church. Following two albums released only in Canada, she made her world debut in 1995 with the album Jagged Little Pill, which sold no less than 30 million copies worldwide. One of the album’s singles, “Ironic” became Morissette’s biggest hit. Alanis’s next album, Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie, released in 1998, was also a major success and broke the record with 469,000 sold copies during the first week. The singer has won twelve Grammy and Juno Awards and her discography includes: How Is the Time, Alanis, Under Rug Slept, Flavors of Entanglement, Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie, So-Called Chaos, and Jugged Little Pill.

              Celine Dion, born 1968, is one of the world’s most famous pop singers. She hails from a French Canadian family and her first record, La voix du bon Dieu (1981), became an instant hit within the Francophone audience of Quebec. She released her first English album, Unison, in 1990 and received generally positive reviews by the critics. In 1992, she released a self-titled album, which further propelled her to stardom. Celine Dion’s fourth album, Falling into You (1996), brought her worldwide commercial success.

              Shania Twain was born 1965 and is one of Canada’s most famous country and pop singers. Her real name is Eileen Regina Edwards and as a child, she spent most of the time at a homeless community, where she learned to hunt and chop wood. Twain started singing at local bars since the age of eight and considers this to be a valuable educational experience. She released her self-titled debut album in 1993, which was successful on two continents: North America and Europe. Her success continued with the albums Come on Over (1997) and Up!, released in 2002.

              Comment


                #8
                Top Canadian Actors
                Top Canadian Actors


                Canada has established a solid presence in world cinema over the last 50 years with numerous excellent actors who starred in a variety of movie genres.

                A notable name among the older generation of actors is the comedian Rick Moranis. Born in 1953 inToronto, Ontario, Moranis became a prominent actor during the 1980’s with his roles in famous movies such as Ghostbusters; Spaceballs; Honey, I shrunk the Kids; and My Blue Heaven. Throughout the 1980’s, he also recorded the music albums The Great White North (1981), and You, Me, the Music and Me, which also gained him fame as a musician. Moranis formally retired in 1997, though he continued to act as an advisor to other comedians.

                A prominent member of the same generation is Dan Aykroyd (born in 1952), the originator of Ghostbusters, actor, screenwriter, and also a well-known ufologist and researcher of the supernatural.

                Another name familiar to fans of classic movies is Michael J. Fox, born in 1961, who became famous for his role of Marty McFly from the Back to the Future trilogy. He also starred in several television series such as Family Ties and Spin City. He retired from his acting career in 2000 due to illness.

                An actress who grew to fame in more recent times is Pamela Anderson, born in 1967. She started her career as a model and showgirl and later gained fame as an actress by starring in the series Baywatch (as C. J. Parker) and V.I.P. (as Vallery Irons). She participated in several movies, among which Barb Wire, Scooby-Doo, and Scary Movie 3. Anderson is also a well-known vegetarian and activist for animal rights. She has participated in various public events, such as the “I’d Rather Go Naked Than Wear Fur” campaign in 2003, and campaigns against seal hunting in Canada.

                Keanu Reeves, born in 1964, is another Canadian actor to reach world fame for his roles in Bill & Ted’s Excellent Adventure, Speed, The Devil’s Advocate, and The Matrix trilogy. He is known to have started his acting career at the age of nine in a theatrical production of Damn Yankees. An interesting fact is that Reeves was born in Beirut, Lebanon, yet received Canadian citizenship through naturalization.

                Carrie-Anne Moss is another well-known Canadian actress who also starred in The Matrix trilogy (in the role of Trinity). Born in 1967, the actress graduated from the American Academy of Dramatic Arts at the age of 21. She took her fist steps in acting by joining the Vancouver children’s musical theater at the age of eleven. The part of Trinity (1999) was her breakthrough and first major success. Commenting on the Matrix, the actress explained that she couldn’t wear glasses anymore because whenever she put them on, people would recognize her. During the years she starred in more movies, such as The Crew, Red Planet, and Chocolat. The actress has won the Independent Spirit Award for Snow Cake in 2002 and the Genie Award for Memento in 2007 (best actress in supporting role). Carrie-Anne Moss is married to Steven Roy, and the couple has three children.

                Comment


                  #9
                  What great inventions is Canada home of?
                  What great inventions is Canada home of?




                  Canadian history of invention follows a long and gracious path. The credit goes to the Canadians forpatenting greater than one million inventions. However very few people in this world are fully aware of the immense contributions made by the Canadians in discovering so many practical items to be used in our day – to – day living. Some of these are:


                  • Able Walker: Norm Rolston patented the walker in 1986.

                  • Air-conditioned Railway Coach: Henry Ruttan invented it in 1858.

                  • Abdominizer: Dennis Colonello invented this popular exercise instrument in 1984.

                  • Acetylene: This was invented by Thomas L. Wilson in 1904. He also invented Acetylene Buoy in 1904.

                  • Anti-Gravity Suit: This was invented in 1941 by Wilbur Rounding Franks for use by the jet pilots.

                  • Automatic Foghorn: Robert Foulis invented the first steam foghorn in 1859.

                  • 5 Pin Bowling: This true Canadian sport had been invented by T.E.Ryan of Toronto in the year 1909.

                  • Basketball: James Naismith invented basket ball in 1891.

                  • Creed Telegraph System: This was invented by Fredrick Creed in 1900.

                  • Compound Steam Engine: Benjamin Franklin Tibbettsinvented this in 1842.

                  • Electric Cooking range and Electric Car Heater: These were invented by Thomas Ahearn in 1882 and 1890 respectively.

                  • Electric Light Bulb: Electric light bulb was originally invented by Henry Woodward in 1874. The patent was later sold to Thomas Edison.

                  • Electron Microscope: The Canadians namely Cecil Hall, Eli Franklin Burton, James Hillier, and Albert Prebus were the co – inventors of the electron microscope in 1937.

                  • Quartz Clock: The earliest quartz clock was developed by Warren Marrison.

                  • Standard Time: Sir Sanford Fleming invented it in 1878.

                  • Television Camera: This was invented by F.C.P. Henroteau in the year 1934.

                  • Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.

                  • Wireless radio: Wireless radio inventor was Reginald A. Fessenden in 1900.

                  • Walkie - Talkie: Donald L. Hings invented this apparatus in 1942.

                  • Wirephoto: Wirephoto was originally invented by Edward Samuels Rogers in 1925.

                  • Zipper: Gideon Sundback invented zipper in 1913.

                  • Ultraviolet degradable plastics: Dr. James Guillet was the inventor of this variety of plastics in 1971.

                  Comment

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